1)
[tex]\it \dfrac{8}{15}<\dfrac{n}{12}<\dfrac{7}{10}|_{\cdot60} \Rightarrow 32<5n<42|_{:5}\Rightarrow 6,4<n<8,4\Rightarrow n\in\{7,\ \ 8\}[/tex]
2)
[tex]\it x+12,5=3,5x|_{\cdot2}\Rightarrow 2x+25=7x\Rightarrow 25=7x-2x\Rightarrow 25=5x\Rightarrow x=5[/tex]